The Business Master (3rd Edition)

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N N PPPPP SSSSS NN N P P S Nominal N N N P P S N N N PPPPP SSSS Pipe N N N P S N NN P S Size N N P SSSSS Piping Database Version 2.1 Copyright 1990, 1991, 1992 Herne Data Systems Ltd. PO Box 250 Tiverton, ON N0G 2T0 CANADA Voice or FAX (519) 366-2732 CompuServe 72060,1153 TABLE OF CONTENTS SHAREWARE REGISTRATION FORM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii THE FINE PRINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii DISCLAIMER - AGREEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii REGISTRATION BENEFITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv REGISTRATION AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT ADDRESS . . . . . . . iv ASP OMBUDSMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv DEFINITION OF SHAREWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 FIRST TIME START UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 PROGRAM OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 DISPLAYING ADDITIONAL PIPING DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 SELECTING THE PIPING MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 CHANGING THE DEFAULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 APPENDIX A: CALCULATION METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 APPENDIX B: ENHANCEMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . 8 i SHAREWARE REGISTRATION FORM Fill out this form and mail with your cheque, money order or VISA card number to: Herne Data Systems Ltd., PO Box 250, Tiverton, ON, CANADA N0G 2T0 Please register my copy of NPS for $29.95 (US), $32.95 (CDN), [ ] plus $2 p & h. Disk size required 720 k - 3.5" [ ] 360 k - 5.25" [ ] Please send me the Herne Data Systems Shareware Evaluation Pak [ ] for $5 plus $2 p & h (Evaluation copies of all Herne Data Systems shareware including MAXI-Form, Utility_Belt, Over_LAZ and NPS - Nominal Pipe Size for DOS and for Windows) (3.5" disk only) Please send me more information on LAN and Site Licenses [ ] Cheque or money order enclosed [ ] or charge my VISA card* [ ] VISA # _____/_____/_____/_____ Expiry __/__ Total Amount* _______ Phone # (_____) _____-________ Signature _____________________________ NOTE: * All VISA orders will be charged in CANADIAN DOLLARS. VISA orders can be FAXed to (519) 366-2732 for faster service. Name ____________________________ Address ____________________________ City ____________________________ Prov/State_____________ Zip ____________________________ Country _____________ Canadian orders include GST. PST must be added to total charge for ONTARIO residents. Please add $4.00 postage and handling for shipments outside CANADA and the USA. Payment for international orders can be made by VISA card, international money order (in US$ or CDN$), or Eurochecks in the currency of the issuing country (e.g. Sterling, Francs and most other major currencies). All orders are shipped by first class air mail. Please allow two weeks for delivery. Sorry, we cannot accept COD orders. (v2.1) ii THE FINE PRINT DISCLAIMER - AGREEMENT Users of N P S must accept this disclaimer of warranty: "N P S is supplied as is. The author disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, including, without limitation, the warranties of merchantability and of fitness for any purpose. The author assumes no liability for damages, direct or consequential, which may result from the use of N P S." N P S is a "shareware program" and is provided at no charge to the user for evaluation. Feel free to share it with your friends, but please do not give it away altered or as part of another system. The essence of "user-supported" software is to provide personal computer users with quality software without high prices, and yet to provide incentive for programmers to continue to develop new products. If you find this program useful and find that you continue to use N P S after a 30 day trial period, you must make a registration payment of $29.95 (US), $32.95 (CDN) (plus $2 postage) to Herne Data Systems Ltd. Cheque, money order, VISA credit card and corporate/institutional purchase orders are accepted. The single user registration fee will license one copy for use on any one computer at any one time. You must treat this software just like a book. An example is that this software may be used by any number of people and may be freely moved from one computer location to another, so long as there is no possibility of it being used at one location while it's being used at another. Just as a book cannot be read by two different persons at the same time. Commercial, corporate and institutional users of N P S must register and pay for their copies of N P S within 30 days of first use or their license is withdrawn. Site Licenses are available for $100 (US) or $120 (CDN) directly from Herne Data Systems Ltd. Any individual, corporation or institution distributing N P S for any kind of remuneration must first contact Herne Data Systems Ltd. at the address below for authorization. This authorization will be granted automatically to distributors recognized by the ASP as adhering to its guidelines for shareware distributors, and such distributors may begin offering N P S immediately (However Herne Data Systems Ltd. must still be advised so that the distributor can be kept up-to-date with the latest version of N P S.). You are encouraged to pass a copy of N P S along to your friends for evaluation. Please encourage them to register their copy if iii N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- they find that they can use it. N P S is also avaliable in a Windows 3.x version. Look for the file PIPEW2.EXE or PIPEW2.ZIP on your favorite BBS or shareware supplier. REGISTRATION BENEFITS All registered users will receive a copy of the latest version of the N P S system, along with free technical support and updates for 90 days. Registered users can also update to later versions (beyond the initial 90 day free support period) for a nominal update fee of $5.00 plus $2.00 postage and handling. If you have the piping specifications for a material which is not included in the data file, please forward it to us at the address listed below. If we include it in the next version, we will send you a free update. REGISTRATION AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT ADDRESS Please address all registration requests and customer support inquiries to: Herne Data Systems Ltd., PO Box 250, Tiverton, ON N0G 2T0 CANADA voice or FAX (519)366-2732 Technical support can also be obtained on CompuServe by directing inquiries to 72060,1153. ASP OMBUDSMAN This program is produced by a member of the Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that the shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a shareware-related problem with an ASP member by contacting the member directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but does not provide technical support for members' products. Please write to the ASP Ombudsman at: 545 Grover Road, Muskegon, MI 49442 USA or send a Compuserve message via easyplex to ASP Ombudsman 70007,3536 iv N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- DEFINITION OF SHAREWARE Shareware distribution gives users a chance to try software before buying it. If you try a Shareware program and continue using it after a reasonable evaluation period, you are expected to register. Individual programs differ on details -- some request registration while others require it, some specify a maximum trial period. With registration, you get anything from the simple right to continue using the software to an updated program with printed manual. Copyright laws apply to both Shareware and commercial software, and the copyright holder retains all rights, with a few specific exceptions as stated below. Shareware authors are accomplished programmers, just like commercial authors, and the programs are of comparable quality. (In both cases, there are good programs and bad ones!) The main difference is in the method of distribution. The author specifically grants the right to copy and distribute the software, either to all and sundry or to a specific group. For example, some authors require written permission before a commercial disk vendor may copy their Shareware. Shareware is a distribution method, not a type of software. You should find software that suits your needs and pocketbook, whether it's commercial or Shareware. The Shareware system makes fitting your needs easier, because you can try before you buy. And because the overhead is low, prices are low also. Shareware has the ultimate money-back guarantee -- if you don't use the product, you don't pay for it. v N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- INTRODUCTION How big is a six inch pipe? If you guessed six inches, you would be wrong. For many engineers, engineering students, plumbers, and other professionals, this is a tough question, but one which needs and answer (usually immediately or sooner!). Finding the answer used to be a job in itself - searching through the handbook tables only to discover that the material or size of pipe you wanted was not listed in the table. Now there is N P S, the user friendly computerized database of piping information from Herne Data Systems Ltd. Written by a professional engineer, N P S contains data on more than 3000 sizes and types of standard and specialty piping and tubing in over 25 different materials including metals, plastics and composites. By the way, the correct answer to the above question is - it depends on the material and classification of the pipe. N P S (Nominal Pipe Size) gives the user instant access to all important piping parameters: true inside and outside diameters, wall thickness, linear weight, cross sectional and surface areas, moment of inertia, section modulus, radius of gyration and water flow capacity in US, Imperial or metric units. The data have been compiled from a number of international and industrial standards. The N P S program consists of a number of files as listed below: NPS.EXE The main N P S program. NPS.DTA The piping data file for the N P S program. NPS.CFG (Optional) contains the screen colors and other program default information. If this file is not present, N P S will use its own internal default colors of white on black and US units for weights and dimensions. NPS.DOC This documentation file. UPDATE.DOC (Optional) contains information on new features or enhancements since the last version. RUN-ME.BAT Run this batch file the first time you use N P S. It will display the ASP shareware ombudsman information then start-up the help mode of N P S. ASP.COM Displays the Association of Shareware 1 N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- Professionals (ASP) ombudsman message. Of the files listed above, only NPS.EXE and NPS.DTA are absolutely required to run N P S. NPS.CFG is created when you save new program defaults. N P S works on all MS-DOS compatible computers with at least 512k RAM and one floppy drive running DOS 3.0 or later. All display adaptors are supported. A hard drive is not required but is recommended for speed of initial database loading. This documentation assumes that the reader is reasonably familiar with the operation of his/her computer and understands how to invoke simple MS-DOS commands. N P S is part of the Engineering Applications and Reference Series from Herne Data Systems Ltd. This series is designed to give engineers, scientists and engineering students access to low cost utilities catering to their technical specialty. A Windows 3.x version of N P S is also available. FIRST TIME START UP Before using N P S for the first time, it is a good idea to make a backup copy. On a two floppy drive system, this can be done with a simple DOS COPY *.* command. On a hard drive system, you may want to create a new subdirectory for N P S (with the command MD NPS) before copying the files. (You may also wish to add the NPS directory to your PATH statement in the AUTOEXEC.BAT file so that you can access N P S from any directory on your system. N P S will NOT modify the AUTOEXEC.BAT file on its own). When it is run, N P S will automatically load its data files from the same subdirectory that the NPS.EXE file is in. Therefore, as a minimum the files NPS.EXE and NPS.DTA must be in the same subdirectory. If NPS.CFG is present, it must be located in the same subdirectory also. The first time you use N P S, insert the N P S disk in your default drive (or change to the N P S directory on your hard drive) and type in the command: RUN-ME <enter> at the DOS prompt. This will display the ASP ombudsman message 2 N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- and start N P S in the 'help' mode. Help mode will give a brief description of the program options and registration details. Press the <Esc> (escape) key on any of the help screens to exit and return to DOS, or the <Enter> key to start the main N P S program. PROGRAM OPTIONS To start the main N P S program, type in: NPS <enter> at the DOS prompt. After a few moments (the exact time depends on how long it takes to load the NPS.DTA file, based on the speed of your disk drive and the length of the file), the main display screen will be appear. The main screen displays the nominal pipe size (i.e. what the pipe is usually called in catalogs and specifications), the class or schedule (a code number that refers to the wall thickness of the pipe or tube), and the true outside diameter (OD), inside diameter (ID), and wall thickness dimensions. The nominal dimensions are always displayed in their customary fashion (i.e. those found in catalog listings). The actual dimensions can be displayed in either inches or centimetres as selected from the CONFIGURE menu. The <cursor up>, <cursor down>, <PgUp>, <PgDn>, <Home> and <End> keys are used to select the pipe size for detailed data display. The <cursor up> and <cursor down> keys will move one line at a time, the <PgUp> and <PgDn> keys will move one screen at a time and <Home> and <End> will move to the start and end of the list respectively. The main program options are selected using the function keys. Press: <F1> to start HELP mode; <F2> to select the pipe or tube material; <F3> (or <Enter>) to display additional data for the selected pipe size and material; <F4> to select screen colors and other system defaults. The <Esc> key is used to QUIT N P S and return to DOS. 3 N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- Most pipes are displayed as NPS (nominal pipe size, also called IPS). Pipes and tubes are also classified by wall thickness. In most cases, this will be a 'schedule' number (such as 40, 80, 160). Other designations are ST (standard wall); XS (extra strong); and XX (double extra strong). These numbers all relate to the thickness of the pipe or tube wall, and thus to its pressure retaining ability. Some materials are classified by pressure class, such as class 150 or class 250. Again these numbers reflect the different wall thicknesses required to hold these pressures. BWG numbers (Birmingham wire gauge) are often used for tube wall thickness. DISPLAYING ADDITIONAL PIPING DATA Pressing the <Enter> or <F3> key will display additional data for the selected pipe size and material: weight per foot (pounds per foot of length) or meter (kilograms per metre of length) of pipe; cross sectional area of the bore and pipe wall (square inches or square centimetres); inside and outside surface area of the wall (square inches per foot of length or square centimetres per metre of length); section modulus (inches ^ 3 or centimetres ^ 3); moment of inertia (inches ^4 or centimetres ^ 4); radius of gyration (inches or centimetres); and water flow capacity at 1 ft/s (or 1 m/s) in volumetric (gallons per minute or litres per second) and mass units (pounds per hour or kilograms per hour). The dimensions can be displayed in either inch or centimetre units; the weights can be displayed in either pounds or kilograms and the flow volumes can be displayed in US gallons, Imperial gallons, or litres, depending on the settings of the system defaults (see CHANGING THE DEFAULTS below). The NPS.DTA file contains data on the inside and outside diameter for each nominal pipe size and the density of each material in inch-pound units. All other parameters (wall thickness, weight, areas, flow capacity and all metric values) are calculated from these numbers. Details of the calculations are summarized in APPENDIX A. The linear weight of pipe is calculated based on a nominal density for the selected material. Weights for other materials can be estimated by multiplying the given weight by the ratio of the material's density to the given density. SELECTING THE PIPING MATERIAL Most piping materials are available in a variety of sizes. However, not all sizes are available in all materials and some materials have non-standard sizing designations. Recognizing 4 N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- this, N P S allows the user to select from among a list of common piping materials. To display the list press function key <F2>. (Version 2.1 of the N P S data file contains over 25 materials, consisting of over 3000 sizes of pipe and tube.) To select the material, choose from the list with the <cursor up> and <cursor down> keys; then press <Enter>. The currently selected material will be displayed at the top right of the screen. The currently selected material will also be SAVEd when the current defaults are saved from the CONFIGURE menu. The data used in N P S has been compiled from a wide variety of industry standards. While great care has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the data, Herne Data Systems Ltd. assumes no liability for errors or omissions. If you have the piping specifications for a material which is not included in this list, please forward it to Herne Data Systems Ltd. If we include it in the next version, we will send you a free update. CHANGING THE DEFAULTS The CONFIGURE menu lets the user change default screen colors and display units. To access the configuration menu, press function key <F4>. To select an item to change, press <cursor up> or <cursor down>. To change the value of an item press <cursor left> or <cursor right>. This will toggle through the range of acceptable values. Note that not all screen color combinations will work on all types of displays, especially monochrome displays. On color systems, 16 foreground and 8 background colors can be selected. The dimensional units can be selected as US (pounds, inches, US gals), Imperial (pounds, inches, Imperial gals), or Metric (kg, cm, litres). To SAVE the current defaults, press the <F10> key. When you save the defaults, N P S will automatically create the file NPS.CFG in the directory where the NPS.EXE and NPS.DTA files reside. To return to the main program without saving the new defaults, press <Esc> or <Enter>. If you do not save the new defaults, N P S will prompt you to save them when you QUIT the program. Thank you for using N P S. Another quality product from Herne Data Systems Ltd. 5 N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX A: CALCULATION METHODS The following calculation methods are used in N P S. (All units are normalized by N P S to ensure dimensional correctness). wall_thickness = (outside_diameter - inside_diameter) / 2 bore_area = (pi / 4) x (inside_diameter) ^ 2 wall_area = [(pi / 4) x (outside_diameter) ^ 2] - bore_area linear_weight = wall_area x unit_length x material_density section_modulus = pi x [(outside_diameter^4) - (inside_diameter^4)] ------------------------------------------------- [32 x outside_diameter] moment_of_inertia = pi x [(outside_diameter^4) - (inside_diameter^4)] ------------------------------------------------- 64 radius_of_gyration = [(outside_diameter^2) + (inside_diameter^2)] ^0.5 ------------------------------------------------- 4 material_density = density of the piping material. For a list of the densities used, see the HELP screen on the main N P S program. vol_flow_capacity = bore_area x flow_velocity mass_flow_capacity = vol_flow_capacity x water_density flow_velocity = 1 foot/second for US and Imperial units = 1 metre/second for Metric units water_density = 0.03613 pounds/cubic inch for US and Imperial units = 1 gram/cubic centimetre for Metric units 6 N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- The following constants are used for conversions between US, Imperial and Metric units: 1 foot = 0.3048 metre 1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 US gal = 3.785 litres 1 Imp gal = 4.54 litres 1 pound = 0.454 kg Additional constants used: pi = 3.14159 7 N P S Users' Guide (version 2.1) ---------------------------------------------------------------- APPENDIX B: ENHANCEMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS Release 2.1 (92-09-13) includes the following improvements over release 2.0: - Expanded database now includes over 3000 sizes of pipes and tubes. A full range of instrument tubing sizes was added. Material types are now listed alphabetically. - Minor bug fix: metric value for radius of gyration now displays correctly. Release 2.0 (92-06-08) includes the following improvements over release 1.2: - Display of piping data now includes section modulus, moment of inertia, and radius of gyration. - Expanded piping database now includes a full range of TEMA heat exchanger tubes under the material 'Steel Boiler Tubes'. - User selectable colors for pop-up data windows. Bug fixes: - Previous version showed incorrect metric values for inside and outside surface area. (Value shown was actually square centimetres per inch of pipe length.) Release 1.2 (92-02-08) includes the following improvements over release 1.1: - Expanded database of piping materials and sizes, now includes over 2000 pipe sizes in over 25 different materials. - Expanded documentation. 8